MULTI-SPEED SOLITARY WAVES IN SPIN-1 BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATES

Junqi Guo; Yuan Li; Dun Zhao

doi:10.11948/20250112

2026 Volume 16 Issue 2

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Junqi Guo, Yuan Li, Dun Zhao. MULTI-SPEED SOLITARY WAVES IN SPIN-1 BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATES[J]. Journal of Applied Analysis & Computation, 2026, 16(2): 966-986. doi: 10.11948/20250112

Citation:

Junqi Guo, Yuan Li, Dun Zhao. MULTI-SPEED SOLITARY WAVES IN SPIN-1 BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATES[J]. Journal of Applied Analysis & Computation, 2026, 16(2): 966-986. doi: 10.11948/20250112

MULTI-SPEED SOLITARY WAVES IN SPIN-1 BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATES

1.
School of Mathematics and Statistics, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou, China

Author Bio: Email: li_yuan@lzu.edu.cn(Y. Li); Email: zhaod@lzu.edu.cn(D. Zhao)
Corresponding author: Email: guojq21@lzu.edu.cn(J. Guo)
Fund Project: The authors were supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 12075102, 12371096 and 12301090)

Abstract

Abstract

This paper investigates the existence of multi-speed solitary waves in spin-1 BoseEinstein condensates, governed by the three-component Gross-Pitaevskii equations. These multi-speed solitary waves manifest as vector solitary waves, with each component propagating at a different speed. By utilizing scaling invariance, Galilean drift, and solving the system backward in time using energy methods, we establish the existence of multi-speed solitary wave solutions. The presence of these waves implies that solitary wave excitations in one component can propagate independently without significantly affecting the other components. Furthermore, we analyze the asymptotic behavior of the magnetic soliton, which is driven by the particle exchange and corresponds to the net magnetization of the system.
- Spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate /
- Gross-Pitaevskii equation /
- solitary wave /
- magnetic soliton
MSC: 35Q40, 35Q55, 35C07, 35C08

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References

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