Citation: | Wenqiang Zhao, Zhi Li. CONTINUITY OF SOLUTIONS IN $ H^1( {\mathbb{R}}^N)\cap L^{p}( {\mathbb{R}}^N) $ FOR STOCHASTIC REACTION-DIFFUSION EQUATIONS AND ITS APPLICATIONS TO PULLBACK ATTRACTOR[J]. Journal of Applied Analysis & Computation, 2023, 13(6): 3308-3329. doi: 10.11948/20230009 |
In this paper, we consider the continuity of solutions for non-autonomous stochastic reaction-diffusion equation driven by additive noise over a Wiener probability space. It is proved that the solutions are strongly continuous in $ H^1( {\mathbb{R}}^N)\cap L^p( {\mathbb{R}}^N) $ with respect to the $ L^2 $-initial data and the samples in the double limit sense. As applications of the results on the continuity we obtain that the pullback random attractor for this equation is measurable, compact and attracting in the topology of the space $ H^1( {\mathbb{R}}^N)\cap L^p( {\mathbb{R}}^N) $ under a weak assumption on the forcing term and the noise coefficient. More precisely, the continuity of solutions in the initial data implies the asymptotic compactness of system and therefore the attraction of attractor, and the continuity in the samples indicates its measurability. The main technique employed here is the difference estimate method, by which an appropriate multiplier is carefully selected.
[1] | L. Arnold, Random Dynamical Systems, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1998. |
[2] | D. Cao, C. Sun and M. Yang, Dynamics for a stochastic reaction-diffusion equation with additive noise, J. Differ. Equations, 2015, 259(3), 838–872. doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2015.02.020 |
[3] | T. Caraballo, M. J. Garrido-Atienza, B. Schmalfuss and J. Valero, Nonautonomous and random attractors for delay random semilinear equations without uniqueness, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst., 2008, 21, 415–443. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2008.21.415 |
[4] | T. Caraballo, M. J. Garrido-Atienza, B. Schmalfuss and J. Valero, Asymptotic behaviour of a stochastic semilinear dissipative functional equation without uniqueness of solutions, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst., 2010, 14, 439–455. |
[5] | T. Caraballo, F. Morillas and J. Valero, Random attractors for stochastic lattice systems with non-Lipschitz nonlinearity, J. Difference. Equ. Appl., 2011, 17, 161–184. doi: 10.1080/10236198.2010.549010 |
[6] | A. N. Carvalho, J. A. Langa and J. C. Robinson, Attractors for Infinite-Dimensional Non-autonomous Dynamical Systems, Appl. Math. Sciences, vol. 184, Springer, 2013. |
[7] | I. Chueshov, Monotone Random Systems Theory and Applications, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2002. |
[8] | H. Crauel, A. Debussche and F. Flandoli, Random attractors, J. Dyn. Differ. Equations, 1997, 9, 307–341. doi: 10.1007/BF02219225 |
[9] | H. Crauel and F. Flandoli, Attracors for random dynamical systems, Probab. Theory Related Fields, 1994, 100, 365–393. doi: 10.1007/BF01193705 |
[10] | H. Cui, J. A. Langa and Y. Li, Measurability of random attractors for quasi strong-to-weak continuous random dynamical systems, J. Dyn. Differ. Equations, 2018, 30, 1873–1898. doi: 10.1007/s10884-017-9617-z |
[11] | L. C. Evans, Partial Differential Equations, Second Edition, American Mathematical Society, 2010. |
[12] | B. Gess, W. Liu and A. Schenke, Random attractors for locally monotone stochastic partial differential equations, J. Differ. Equations, 2020, 269, 3414–3455. doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2020.03.002 |
[13] | K. Ho, Y. Kim, P. Winkert and C. Zhang, The boundedness and Hölder continuity of weak solutions to elliptic equations involving variable exponents and critical growth, J. Differ. Equations, 2022, 313, 503–532. doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2022.01.004 |
[14] | F. Li and D. Xu, Backward regularity of attractors for lattice FitzHugh-Nagumo system with double random coefficients, Appl. Math. Comput., 2022, 430, 127305. |
[15] | Y. Li, A. Gu and J. Li, Existences and continuity of bi-spatial random attractors and application to stochasitic semilinear Laplacian equations, J. Differ. Equations, 2015, 258, 504–534. doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2014.09.021 |
[16] | Y. Li and B. Guo, Random attractors for quasi-continuous random dynamical systems and applications to stochastic reaction-diffusion equations, J. Differ. Equations, 2008, 245, 1775–1800. doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2008.06.031 |
[17] | X. Lin and C. Zeng, Morse decompositions of uniform random attractors, J. Differ. Equations, 2011, 293, 23–47. |
[18] | J. C. Robinson, Infinite-Dimensional Dyanmical Systems: An Introduction to Dissipative Parabolic PDEs and the Theory of Global Attractors, Cambridge University Press, 2001. |
[19] | B. Schmalfuss, Backward cocycle and attractors of stochastic differential equations, in: V. Reitmann, T. Riedrich, N. Koksch (Eds. ), International Seminar on Applied Mathematics-Nonlinear Dynamics: Attractor Approximation and Global Behavior, Technische Universität, Dresden, 1992, 185–192. |
[20] |
C. Sin and E. S. Baranovskii, Hölder continuity of solutions for unsteady generalized Navier-Stokes equations with $p(x, t)$-power law in $2D$, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 2023, 517, 126632. doi: 10.1016/j.jmaa.2022.126632
CrossRef $p(x, t)$-power law in |
[21] | R. Temam, Infinite-Dimensional Dynamical Systems in Mechanics and Physics, Second Edition, Springer, New York, 1997. |
[22] | T. Trujillo and B. Wang, Continuity of strong solutions of the reaction-diffusion equation in the initial data, Nonlinear Analysis: Theory, Methods Applications, 2008, 69, 2525–2532. doi: 10.1016/j.na.2007.08.032 |
[23] | B. Wang, Suffcient and necessary criteria for existence of pullback attractors for non-compact random dynamical systems, J. Differ. Equations, 2012, 253, 1544–1583. doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2012.05.015 |
[24] | W. Zhao, Continuity and random dynamics of the non-autonomous stochastic FitzHugh-Nagumo system on $\mathbb{R}^N$, Comput. Math. Appl., 2018, 75, 3801–3824. |
[25] |
W. Zhao, Random dynamics of stochastic p-Laplacian equations on $\mathbb{R}^N$ with an unbounded additive noise, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 2017, 455, 1178–1203. doi: 10.1016/j.jmaa.2017.06.025
CrossRef $\mathbb{R}^N$ with an unbounded additive noise" target="_blank">Google Scholar |
[26] | W. Zhao, Long-time random dynamics of stochastic parabolic p-Laplacian equations on $\mathbb{R}^N$, Nonliner Anal., 2017, 152, 196–219. doi: 10.1016/j.na.2017.01.004 |
[27] |
W. Zhao, Random dynamics of non-autonomous semi-linear degenerate parabolic equations on $\mathbb{R}^N$ driven by an unbounded additive noise, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. Ser. B, 2018, 23, 2499–2526.
$\mathbb{R}^N$ driven by an unbounded additive noise" target="_blank">Google Scholar |
[28] | W. Zhao, Pullback attractors for bi-spatial continuous random dynamical systems and application to stochastic fractional power dissipative equation on an unbounded domain, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. Ser. B, 2019, 27, 3395–3438. |
[29] |
W. Zhao and Y. Li, $(L^2, L^p)$-random attractors for stochastic reaction-diffusion equation on unbounded domains, Nonlinear Anal., 2012, 75(2), 485–502. doi: 10.1016/j.na.2011.08.050
CrossRef $(L^2, L^p)$-random attractors for stochastic reaction-diffusion equation on unbounded domains" target="_blank">Google Scholar |
[30] | W. Zhao and Y. Zhang, Compactness and attracting of random attractors for non-autonomous stochastic lattice dynamical systems in weighted space $\ell_\rho^p$, Appl. Math. Comput., 2016, 291, 226–243. |
[31] | K. Zhu and F. Zhou, Continuity and pullback attractors for a non-autonomous reaction-diffusion equation in $\mathbb{R}^N$, Comput. Math. Appl., 2016, 71, 2089–2105. |