| Citation: | Qi Guo, Boling Guo. THE BLOW-UP PROBLEM FOR A CLASS OF QUASILINEAR SCHRÖDINGER EQUATIONS[J]. Journal of Applied Analysis & Computation, 2026, 16(5): 2705-2719. doi: 10.11948/20250215 |
We consider the blow-up results of the solution in $ W^{2, 2}(\mathbb{R}^N) $ for the following quasilinear Schrödinger equation
$ \begin{align*} \begin{cases} { \begin{array}{ll} iu_t+\Delta u+2uh'(|u|^2)\Delta h(|u|^2)+uf(|u|^2)=0, \qquad x\in \mathbb{R}^N, \\ u(x, 0)=u_0(x), \qquad x\in \mathbb{R}^N, \end{array} } \end{cases} \end{align*} $
where $ h $ and $ f $ are real functions which related to various physical models. We prove that the $ W^{2, 2}(\mathbb{R}^N) $ solutions must blow up if $ |x|u_0\in L^2(\mathbb{R}^N) $(finite variance), and we give the upper bound of the blow-up time. We also show that without the finite variance assumption, the radial symmetric solutions in $ W^{2, 2}(\mathbb{R}^N) $ must blow up in finite time for the whole class of initial data with strictly negative energy.
| [1] | F. G. Bass and N. N. Nasonov, Nonlinear electromagnetic-spin waves, Phys. Rep., 1990, 189(4), 165–223. doi: 10.1016/0370-1573(90)90093-H |
| [2] | L. Bergé, A. de Bouard and J. C. Saut, Blowing up time-dependent solutions of the planar, Chern-Simons gauged nonlinear Schrödinger equation, Nonlinearity, 1995, 8(2), 235–253. doi: 10.1088/0951-7715/8/2/007 |
| [3] | A. V. Borovski$\check{i}$ and A. L. Galkin, Dynamic modulation of an ultrashort high-intensity laser pulse in matter, Sov. J. Exp. Theor. Phys., 1993, 77(4), 562–573. |
| [4] | A. de Bouard, N. Hayashi and J. C. Saut, Global existence of small solutions to a relativistic nonlinear Schrödinger equation, Comm. Math. Phys., 1997, 189, 73–105. doi: 10.1007/s002200050191 |
| [5] | J. Chen and B. Guo, Blow up and strong instability result for a quasilinear Schrödinger equation, Appl. Math. Model., 2009, 33(11), 4192–4200. doi: 10.1016/j.apm.2009.03.003 |
| [6] | M. Colin, On the local well-posedness of quasilinear Schrödinger equations in arbitrary space dimension, Comm. Partial Differential Equations, 2002, 27(1–2), 325–354. |
| [7] | M. Colin, L. Jeanjean and M. Squassina, Stability and instability results for standing waves of quasi-linear Schrödinger equations, Nonlinearity, 2010, 23(6), 1353–1385. doi: 10.1088/0951-7715/23/6/006 |
| [8] |
M. Darwich, Blowup for the damped $L^2$-critical nonlinear Schrödinger equation, Adv. Difference Equ., 2012, 17(3–4), 337–367.
$L^2$-critical nonlinear Schrödinger equation" target="_blank">Google Scholar |
| [9] | D. Du, Y. Wu and K. Zhang, On blow-up criterion for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst., 2016, 36(7), 3639–3650. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2016.36.3639 |
| [10] | V. Georgiev and T. Gou, Solutions for fourth order anisotropic nonlinear Schrödinger equations in $\mathbb{R}^2$, arXiv preprint, 2024. arXiv: 2406.12988. |
| [11] | R. T. Glassey, On the blowing up of solutions to the Cauchy problem for nonlinear Schrödinger equations, J. Math. Phys., 1977, 18(9), 1794–1797. doi: 10.1063/1.523491 |
| [12] | J. Gómez, T. Schmid and Y. Wu, Multisoliton solutions and blow up for the $L^ 2$-critical Hartree equation, arXiv preprint, 2025. arXiv: 2501.18398. |
| [13] | B. Guo, J. Chen and F. Su, The "blow up" problem for a quasilinear Schrödinger equation, J. Math. Phys., 2005, 46(7), 073510. doi: 10.1063/1.1941089 |
| [14] | R. W. Hasse, A general method for the solution of nonlinear soliton and kink Schrödinger equations, Z. Phys. B-Condens. Matter, 1980, 37(1), 83–87. |
| [15] | S. Ji and J. Lu, Blow up versus scattering below the mass-energy threshold for the focusing NLH with potential, arXiv preprint, 2024. arXiv: 2412.00448. |
| [16] | S. Ji, J. Lu and F. Meng, The dynamics of the focusing NLH with a potential beyond the mass-energy threshold, Math. Nachr., 2025, 298(11), 3444–3459. doi: 10.1002/mana.70047 |
| [17] | C. E. Kenig, G. Ponce and L. Vega, The Cauchy problem for quasilinear Schrödinger equations, Invent. Math., 2004, 158(2), 343–388. doi: 10.1007/s00222-004-0373-4 |
| [18] | A. M. Kosevich, B. A. Ivanov and A. S. Kovalev, Magnetic solitons, Phys. Rep., 1990, 194(3–4), 117–238. doi: 10.1016/0370-1573(90)90130-T |
| [19] | S. Kurihara, Large-amplitude quasi-solitons in superfluid films, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn., 1981, 50(10), 3262–3267. doi: 10.1143/JPSJ.50.3262 |
| [20] | E. W. Laedke, K. H. Spatschek and L. Stenflo, Evolution theorem for a class of perturbed envelope soliton solutions, J. Math. Phys., 1983, 24(12), 2764–2769. doi: 10.1063/1.525675 |
| [21] | H. Lange, B. Toomire and P. F. Zweifel, Time‐dependent dissipation in nonlinear Schrödinger systems, J. Math. Phys., 1995, 36(3), 1274–1283. doi: 10.1063/1.531120 |
| [22] | J. E. Lin and W. A. Strauss, Decay and scattering of solutions of a nonlinear Schrödinger equation, J. Funct. Anal., 1978, 30(2), 245–263. doi: 10.1016/0022-1236(78)90073-3 |
| [23] | V. G. Makhankov and V. K. Fedyanin, Non-linear effects in quasi-one-dimensional models of condensed matter theory, Phys. Rep., 1984, 104(1), 1–86. |
| [24] |
F. Merle and P. Raphäel, On universality of blow-up profile for $L^ 2$ critical nonlinear Schrödinger equation, Invent. Math., 2004, 156(3), 565–672. doi: 10.1007/s00222-003-0346-z
CrossRef $L^2$ critical nonlinear Schrödinger equation" target="_blank">Google Scholar |
| [25] | F. Merle and P. Raphäel, The blow-up dynamic and upper bound on the blow-up rate for critical nonlinear Schrödinger equation, Ann. Math., 2005, 161(1), 157–222. doi: 10.4007/annals.2005.161.157 |
| [26] | A. Nakamura, Damping and modification of exciton solitary waves, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn., 1977, 42(6), 1824–1835. doi: 10.1143/JPSJ.42.1824 |
| [27] |
T. Ogawa and Y. Tsutsumi, Blow-up of $H^1$ solution for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation, J. Diff. Eqs., 1991, 92(2), 317–330. doi: 10.1016/0022-0396(91)90052-B
CrossRef $H^1$ solution for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation" target="_blank">Google Scholar |
| [28] | T. Ogawa and Y. Tsutsumi, Blow-up of $H^1$ solutions for the one-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation with critical power nonlinearity, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc., 1991, 111(2), 487–496. |
| [29] | T. Özsari, Blow-up of solutions of nonlinear Schrödinger equations with oscillating nonlinearities, Commun. Pure Appl. Anal., 2018, 18(1), 539–558. |
| [30] | M. Poppenberg, On the local well posedness of quasilinear Schrödinger equations in arbitrary space dimension, J. Diff. Eqs., 2001, 172(1), 83–115. doi: 10.1006/jdeq.2000.3853 |
| [31] | M. Porkolab and M. V. Goldman, Upper hybrid solitons and oscillating-two-steam instabilities, Phys. Fluids, 1976, 19(6), 872–881. doi: 10.1063/1.861553 |
| [32] | G. R. W. Quispel and H. W. Capel, Equation of motion for the Heisenberg spin chain, Phys. A, 1982, 110(1–2), 41–80. |
| [33] | P. Raphäel and J. Szeftel, Standing ring blow up solutions to the N-dimensional quintic nonlinear Schrödinger equation, Comm. Math. Phys., 2009, 290(3), 973–996. doi: 10.1007/s00220-009-0796-2 |
| [34] | B. Ritchie, Relativistic self-focusing and channel formation in laser-plasma interactions, Phys. Rev. E, 1994, 50(2), 687–689. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.50.R687 |
| [35] | X. Song and Z. Q. Wang, Global existence, blowup phenomena, and asymptotic behavior for quasilinear Schrödinger equations, arXiv preprint, 2018. arXiv: 1811.05136. |
| [36] | S. Takeno and S. Homma, Classical planar Heisenberg ferromagnet, complex scalar field and nonlinear excitations, Progr. Theoret. Phys., 1981, 65(1), 172–189. doi: 10.1143/PTP.65.172 |
| [37] | B. Zheng and T. Ozawa, Global existence and blow-up for the variable coefficient Schrödinger equations with a linear potential, arXiv preprint, 2024. arXiv: 2411.11334. |
| [38] | B. Zheng and T. Ozawa, The blow-up dynamics for the divergence Schrödinger equations with inhomogeneous nonlinearity, Nonlinear Anal., 2026, 265, 114015. doi: 10.1016/j.na.2025.114015 |